Abstract Heart Rate Variability (HRV) may be used as a psychological marker to assess
drivers' states from physiological signals such as an electrocardiogram (ECG) …

Biosensors could be used in vehicles to monitor driver alertness, detect impairment and
gauge stress levels. However, measuring biomarkers, such as heart rate and respiration …

Background Cognitive load (CL) management is essential in safety‐critical fields so that
professionals can monitor and control their cognitive resources efficiently to perform and …

Advanced technologies, notably camera-based systems using remote
photoplethysmography (rPPG), are increasingly used in automotive safety to non-invasively …

Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) is a method for monitoring pulse signal by utilizing a
camera sensor to capture a facial video including variations in blood flow beneath the skin …

Abstract The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), pivotal in the Industry 4.0 revolution, has
transformed manufacturing, particularly assembly lines, by enabling real-time process …

Driver drowsiness is an important factor in traffic safety. Thus, many researchers endeavor to
develop a reliable driver drowsiness detection system. However, the large variation of the …

Continuous in-vehicle physiological monitoring can improve safety through early detection
of driver fatigue and drowsiness. However, develo** a system capable of effective and …

In the modern world, the increasing prevalence of driving poses a risk to road safety and
necessitates the development and implementation of effective monitoring systems. This …

Vehicles are an integral part of modern life. Across the globe, the number of vehicles has
witnessed an enormous increases from around 193 million in the 1970's in the last century …