Background. Effective intrapartum analgesia attenuates pain, stress, and anxiety which
cause release of stress hormones as well as beta‐endorphins. Aim. The purpose of this …

Background: Several adjuvants, added to local anesthetics, were suggested to induce an
ideal regional block with high-quality analgesia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate …

Background Decreasing side effects and improving the quality of block in caesarean
sections by appropriate dosage of local anesthetics and adjuvants could play an important …

Most women experience moderate to severe pain during labor and delivery, often requiring
some form of pharmacologic analgesia. The lack of proper psychological preparation …

Background. Comparing bupivacaine's adjuvants in spinal anesthesia, we assessed the
specific blocking characteristics and adverse effects of bupivacaine alone and in …

Clonidine was synthesized in 1962 as nasal decongestant, and marketed as
antihypertensive in 1972. Bloor and Flacke in 1982 [1] demonstrated in mongrel dogs that …

Spinal adjuvants drugs are use to enhance analgesia and anesthesia in several clinical
scenarios. Clonidine has been used in anesthesia since 1982 to reduce needs of …

بخشایی محمدحسین، کرباسفروشان محمود، صنعت کار مهدی، منوچهریان ناهید، اسماعیلی نفیسه،
صنیع جهرمی محمدصادق، زبردست جیران. مقایسه اثرات بی حسی نخاعی دوز کم بوپیواکایین و …‎