Plastids and mitochondria are the only organelles that possess genomes of endosymbiotic
origin. In recent decades, advances in sequencing technologies have contributed to a …

Chloroplasts are the defining plant organelles with responsibility for photosynthesis and
other vital functions. To deliver these functions, they possess a complex proteome …

Protein complex structure prediction plays important roles in various applications, such as
drug discovery and antibody design. However, due to limited prediction accuracy, there are …

Chloroplasts rely on the translocon complexes in the outer and inner envelope membranes
(the TOC and TIC complexes, respectively) to import thousands of different nuclear-encoded …

Protein translocases, such as the bacterial SecY complex, the Sec61 complex of the
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the mitochondrial translocases, facilitate the transport of …

Elucidating biological processes has relied on the establishment of model organisms, many
of which offer advantageous features such as rapid axenic growth, extensive knowledge of …

Light signals promote photomorphogenesis and photosynthesis, allowing plants to establish
photoautotrophic growth. Chloroplasts are organelles responsible for photosynthesis in …

Protein import into chloroplasts is powered by ATP hydrolysis in the stroma. Establishing the
identity and functional mechanism of the stromal ATPase motor that drives import is critical …

Members of the Omp85 superfamily of outer membrane proteins (OMPs) found in Gram-
negative bacteria, mitochondria and chloroplasts are characterized by a distinctive 16 …

Organelle-specific protein translocation systems are essential for organelle biogenesis and
maintenance in eukaryotes but thought to be absent from prokaryotic organelles. Here, we …