Biologists have long appreciated the critical role that energy turnover plays in understanding
variation in performance and fitness among individuals. Whole-organism metabolic studies …

Sex differences in aging occur in many animal species, and they include sex differences in
lifespan, in the onset and progression of age‐associated decline, and in physiological and …

Phenotypic trade-offs are inevitable in nature, but the mechanisms driving them are poorly
understood. Movement and oxygen are essential to all animals, and as such, the common …

Metabolic rate is a key ecological variable that quantifies the energy expenditure needed to
fuel almost all biological processes in an organism. Metabolic rates are typically measured …

Understanding energy metabolism in free-ranging animals is crucial for ecological studies.
In birds, red blood cells (RBCs) offer a minimally invasive method to estimate metabolic rate …

Evolutionary genetics has long struggled with understanding how functional genes under
selection remain polymorphic in natural populations. Taking as a starting point that natural …

Changing climates and severe weather events can affect population viability. Individuals
need to buffer such negative fitness consequences through physiological plasticity. Whether …

Since the first description of a set of characteristics of aging as so-called hallmarks or pillars
in 2013/2014, these characteristics have served as guideposts for the research in aging …

With the advent of tissue culture, and eventually the in vitro growth and maintenance of
individual cell types, it became possible to ask mechanistic questions about whole organism …

Life history and metabolism covary, but the mechanisms and individual traits responsible for
these linkages remain unresolved. Dispersal capability is a critical component of life history …