The discovery of antibiotics in the previous century lead to reduction in mortality and
morbidity due to infectious diseases but their inappropriate and irrational use has resulted in …

Background The synanthropic house fly, Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae), is a
mechanical vector of pathogens (bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites), some of which …

Arthropods transmit diverse infectious agents; however, the ways microbes influence their
vector to enhance colonization are poorly understood. Ixodes scapularis ticks harbor …

The house fly, Musca domestica L.(Diptera: Muscidae), is a global pest of humans and
animals that carries scores of pathogens and costs up to $1 billion per year in the United …

Highlights•Which drugs, bacteria and genes should be measured in agroecosystems?•
Defining baseline levels of drugs, bacteria and genes.•Connecting agriculture and clinic …

Numerous deaths from infectious diseases have raised public awareness of their dangers,
promoting global antimicrobial research. However, antibiotic demand and use, on the other …

Antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections result in higher patient mortality rates, prolonged
hospitalizations, and increased health care costs. Extensive use of antibiotics as growth …

House flies are well recognized as filth-associated organisms and public nuisances. House
flies create sanitation issues when they bridge the gap between microbe-rich breeding …

This paper reviews the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in insects, rodents, and
pets. Insects (eg, houseflies, cockroaches), rodents (rats, mice), and pets (dogs, cats) act as …

Background 'Filth flies' feed and develop in excrement and decaying matter and can transmit
enteric pathogens to humans and animals, leading to colonization and infection …