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The cortisol switch between vulnerability and resilience
In concert with neuropeptides and transmitters, the end products of the hypothalamus-
pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the glucocorticoid hormones cortisol and corticosterone …
pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the glucocorticoid hormones cortisol and corticosterone …
Addiction and stress: An allostatic view
Allostasis, or stability through change, has most often been linked with challenges to
homeostasis, in which repeated challenges or stressors produce sufficient allostatic load to …
homeostasis, in which repeated challenges or stressors produce sufficient allostatic load to …
Improving translation of animal models of addiction and relapse by reverse translation
Critical features of human addiction are increasingly being incorporated into complementary
animal models, including escalation of drug intake, punished drug seeking and taking …
animal models, including escalation of drug intake, punished drug seeking and taking …
Drug addiction: hyperkatifeia/negative reinforcement as a framework for medications development
Compulsive drug seeking that is associated with addiction is hypothesized to follow a
heuristic framework that involves three stages (binge/intoxication, withdrawal/negative affect …
heuristic framework that involves three stages (binge/intoxication, withdrawal/negative affect …
Sex differences in the neurobiology of alcohol use disorder
Sex differences may play a critical role in modulating how chronic or heavy alcohol use
impacts the brain to cause the development of alcohol use disorder (AUD). AUD is a …
impacts the brain to cause the development of alcohol use disorder (AUD). AUD is a …
The central amygdala as an integrative hub for anxiety and alcohol use disorders
The central amygdala (CeA) plays a central role in physiologic and behavioral responses to
fearful stimuli, stressful stimuli, and drug-related stimuli. The CeA receives dense inputs from …
fearful stimuli, stressful stimuli, and drug-related stimuli. The CeA receives dense inputs from …
The dark side of emotion: the addiction perspective
Emotions are “feeling” states and classic physiological emotive responses that are
interpreted based on the history of the organism and the context. Motivation is a persistent …
interpreted based on the history of the organism and the context. Motivation is a persistent …
Addiction as a stress surfeit disorder
Drug addiction has been conceptualized as a chronically relapsing disorder of compulsive
drug seeking and taking that progresses through three stages: binge/intoxication …
drug seeking and taking that progresses through three stages: binge/intoxication …
Time to connect: bringing social context into addiction neuroscience
Research on the neural substrates of drug reward, withdrawal and relapse has yet to be
translated into significant advances in the treatment of addiction. One potential reason is that …
translated into significant advances in the treatment of addiction. One potential reason is that …
Understanding addiction using animal models
Drug addiction is a neuropsychiatric disorder with grave personal consequences that has an
extraordinary global economic impact. Despite decades of research, the options available to …
extraordinary global economic impact. Despite decades of research, the options available to …