Near‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopy can potentially provide on‐line information on substrate,
biomass, product, and metabolite concentrations in fermentation processes, which could be …

Biomass measurement is one of the most critical measurements in biotechnological
processes. The technologies developed for the measurement of biomass in situ have …

Dielectric spectroscopy was used to analyze typical batch and fed‐batch CHO cell culture
processes. Three methods of analysis (linear modeling, Cole–Cole modeling, and partial …

Microbial physiology is an essential characteristic to be considered in the research and
industrial use of microorganisms. Conventionally, the study of microbial physiology has …

Clavulanic acid (CA), a potent β-lactamase inhibitor, is produced by a filamentous
bacterium. Here, the effect of DO and shear, expressed as impeller tip velocity, on CA …

Monitoring the physical or chemical properties of cell broths to infer cell status is often
challenging due to the complex nature of the broth. Key factors indicative of cell status …

The development of a fully automated on-line monitoring and control system is very
important in bioprocesses. One of the most important parameters in these processes is …

Soluble expression of recombinant proteins in E. coli is often done by translocation of the
product across the inner membrane (IM) into the periplasm, where it is retained by the outer …

In biotechnological screening and production, oxygen supply is a crucial parameter. Even
though oxygen transfer is well documented for viscous cultivations in stirred tanks, little is …

Methods for verifying ballast water treatments in foreign vessels are needed to protect the
Great Lakes from the discharge of live non-native organisms or pathogens. A prototype …