Inflammation constitutes a complex, highly conserved cascade of molecular and cellular
events. Inflammation has been labeled as “the fire within,” is highly regulated, and is critical …

Atherosclerosis is the underlying cause of heart attack and stroke. Early observations that
cholesterol is a key component of arterial plaques gave rise to the cholesterol hypothesis for …

The use of human pluripotent stem cells for in vitro disease modelling and clinical
applications requires protocols that convert these cells into relevant adult cell types. Here …

Atherosclerosis can be regarded as a chronic inflammatory state, in which macrophages
play different and important roles. Phagocytic proinflammatory cells populate growing …

Rationale: Macrophages reside in the healthy myocardium, participate in ischemic heart
disease, and modulate myocardial infarction (MI) healing. Their origin and roles in post-MI …

Monocytes originate from progenitors in the bone marrow and traffic via the bloodstream to
peripheral tissues. During both homeostasis and inflammation, circulating monocytes leave …

Abstract Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a very prevalent, multisystemic, chronic metabolic disorder
closely related to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. It is characterised by …

Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) are exposed to hemodynamic forces, which modulate EC
functions and vascular biology/pathobiology in health and disease. The flow patterns and …

Endothelial cells are a constitutive part of the heart and vasculature and form a crucial link
between the cardiovascular system and the immune system. Besides their commonly …

Abstract Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a signaling lipid, synthetized by sphingosine
kinases (SPHK1 and SPHK2), that affects cardiovascular function in various ways. S1P …