Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer and comprises
several subtypes with unique characteristics. The most common subtype (~ 70% of cases) is …

Immuno-oncology is an emerging field that has revolutionized cancer treatment. Most
immunomodulatory strategies focus on enhancing T cell responses, but there has been a …

Natural killer (NK) cells are a population of innate lymphoid cells playing a pivotal role in
host immune responses against infection and tumor growth. These cells have a powerful …

Radiotherapy is a mainstay cancer therapy whose antitumor effects partially depend on T
cell responses. However, the role of Natural Killer (NK) cells in radiotherapy remains …

Assessment of the immune response to tumors is growing in importance as the prognostic
implications of this response are increasingly recognized, and as immunotherapies are …

Natural killer (NK) cells have long been considered to be a homogenous population of
innate lymphocytes with limited phenotypic and functional diversity. However, recent …

Checkpoint blockade immunotherapy targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitory axis has produced
remarkable results in the treatment of several types of cancer. Whereas cytotoxic T cells are …

Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells endowed with cytolytic activity and a
capacity to secrete cytokines and chemokines. Several lines of evidence suggest that NK …

Both the innate and adaptive immune systems contribute to tumor immunosurveillance in
mice and humans; however, there is a paucity of direct evidence of a role for natural killer …

Cancer immunosurveillance relies on effector/memory tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells with a
T-helper cell 1 (TH1) profile. Evidence for a natural killer (NK) cell-based control of human …