The fluid dynamics of flap** foils are reviewed in this article. A very wide range of
researches are conducted for the two-dimensional flap** foil which has a relatively simple …

BIRDS, insects, fish, and cetaceans, such as whales and dolphins, have evolved and used
flap**-wing systems for thrust and lift production for millions of years. An understanding of …

Theory and modelling remain central to improving our understanding of undulatory and
oscillatory swimming. Simple models based on added mass can help to give great insight …

THERE is a wish to build miniature aircraft known as micro air vehicles (MAVs) for which
numerous applications have been cited. One example is to relay video pictures from the …

Experimental gradient-based optimization is used to maximize the propulsive efficiency of a
heaving and pitching flexible panel. Optimum and near-optimum conditions are studied via …

This work considers the design optimization of a flap** wing in forward flight with active
shape morphing, aimed at maximizing propulsive efficiency under lift and thrust constraints …

THE aerodynamics of low-speed low-Reynolds-number flows over airfoils and wings has
been studied for decades in experimental and numerical works. For designing model …

Flap**-wing-based propulsion is ubiquitous in Nature, and it is free in all directions. In this
work, the hydrodynamic behaviour of an unconstrained flap** foil, which can self-propel in …

An efficient global optimization (EGO) algorithm has been used in the geometry design and
motion for a manta ray-like flap** wing to optimize the best swimming performance. To this …

This study investigates the application of data-driven modeling techniques for understanding
the complex dynamics of pitching airfoils at low Reynolds numbers and high angles of …