Commons—resources used or governed by groups of heterogeneous users through agreed-
upon institutional arrangements—are the subject of one of the more successful research …

Emerging technologies are increasingly employed in environmental citizen science projects.
This integration offers benefits and opportunities for scientists and participants alike. Citizen …

There is increasing availability and use of unstructured and semi‐structured citizen science
data in biodiversity research and conservation. This expansion of a rich source of 'big …

One of the biggest trends in ecology over the past decade has been the creation of
standardized databases. Recently, this has included live data, formal linkages between …

Contributory science—including citizen and community science—allows scientists to
leverage participant‐generated data while providing an opportunity for engaging with local …

Native bee species in the United States provide invaluable pollination services. Concerns
about native bee declines are growing, and there are calls for a national monitoring …

iNaturalist has the potential to be an extremely rich source of organismal occurrence data.
Launched in 2008, it now contains over 150 million uploaded observations as of May 2023 …

Global maps of plant functional traits are essential for studying the dynamics of the terrestrial
biosphere, yet the spatial distribution of trait measurements remains sparse. With the …

Despite the importance of plants for humans and the threats to their future, plant
conservation receives far less support compared with vertebrate conservation. Plants are …

Processes that drive plant invasions play out across multiple spatial and temporal scales.
Understanding individual steps along the introduction-naturalization-invasion continuum …