Glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (GDGT) lipids are membrane lipids which were long
thought to be synthesized mainly by archaea, organisms thought to be limited to extreme …

Methane is the most abundant hydrocarbon in the atmosphere, and it is an important
greenhouse gas, which has so far contributed an estimated 20% of postindustrial global …

The majority of life on Earth—notably, microbial life—occurs in places that do not receive
sunlight, with the habitats of the oceans being the largest of these reservoirs. Sunlight …

Plants commonly live in a symbiotic association with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF).
They invest photosynthetic products to feed their fungal partners, which, in return, provide …

Alkanes are saturated apolar hydrocarbons that range from their simplest form, methane, to
high-molecular-weight compounds. Although alkanes were once considered biologically …

Mud volcanism is an important natural source of the greenhouse gas methane to the
hydrosphere and atmosphere,. Recent investigations show that the number of active …

Large quantities of methane are stored in hydrates and permafrost within shallow marine
sediments in the Arctic Ocean. These reservoirs are highly sensitive to climate warming, but …

Submarine mud volcanoes are formed by expulsions of mud, fluids, and gases from deeply
buried subsurface sources. They are highly reduced benthic habitats and often associated …

Authigenic carbonates from five continental margin locations, the Eel River Basin, Monterey
Bay, Santa Barbara Basin, the Sea of Okhotsk, and the North Sea, exhibit a wide range of …

Anoxic sediment from a methane hydrate area (Hydrate Ridge, north‐east Pacific; water
depth 780 m) was incubated in a long‐term laboratory experiment with semi‐continuous …