A wide array of microorganisms, including many novel, phylogenetically deeply rooted taxa,
survive and thrive in extreme environments. These unique and reduced-complexity …

A planetary-scale understanding of the ocean ecosystem, particularly in light of climate
change, is crucial. Here, we review the work of Tara Oceans, an international …

Marine dissolved organic matter (DOM) contains more carbon than the combined stocks of
Earth's biota. Organisms in the ocean continuously release a myriad of molecules that …

Microbial metabolism powers biogeochemical cycling in Earth's ecosystems. The taxonomic
composition of microbial communities varies substantially between environments, but the …

The deep sea, the largest ocean's compartment, drives planetary-scale biogeochemical
cycling. Yet, the functional exploration of its microbial communities lags far behind other …

Biotic and abiotic surfaces in marine waters are rapidly colonized by microorganisms.
Surface colonization and subsequent biofilm formation and development provide numerous …

The biological carbon pump is the process by which CO2 is transformed to organic carbon
via photosynthesis, exported through sinking particles, and finally sequestered in the deep …

Rapid industrialization and population explosion has resulted in the generation and
dum** of various contaminants into the environment. These harmful compounds …

The “biological pump” is the process by which photosynthetically-produced organic matter in
the ocean descends from the surface layer to depth by a combination of sinking particles …

Microbes are dominant drivers of biogeochemical processes, yet drawing a global picture of
functional diversity, microbial community structure, and their ecological determinants …