Threats posed to humans-including environmental pollution, water scarcity, food shortages,
and resource crises drive a new concept to think about wastewater and its treatment …

Climate projections suggest–with substantial certainty–that global warming> 1.5° C will
occur by mid-century (2050). Population is also projected to increase, amplifying the …

Eutrophication is a complex process and often associated with not only a change in overall
algal biomass but also with a change in biodiversity. Common metrics of eutrophication (eg …

Anthropogenic activities are altering total nutrient loads to many estuaries and freshwaters,
resulting in high loads not only of total nitrogen (N), but in some cases, of chemically …

It is now well recognized that there are more harmful algal blooms (HABs), more often, in
new and different places, often lasting longer, and with a range of toxicities, and that many of …

Although algal blooms, including those considered toxic or harmful, can be natural
phenomena, the nature of the global problem of harmful algal blooms (HABs) has expanded …

Global increases in atmospheric CO2 and temperature are associated with changes in
ocean chemistry and circulation, altering light and nutrient regimes. Resulting changes in …

Cyanobacteria of the genus Oscillatoria (Trichodesmium) account for annual inputs of
nitrogen to the world's oceans of about 4.8× 1012 grams while benthic environments …

Microbial ecology is the study of interactions among microbes in natural environments and
their roles in biogeochemical cycles, food web dynamics, and the evolution of life. Microbes …

Persistently cold environments constitute one of our world's largest ecosystems, and
microorganisms dominate the biomass and metabolic activity in these extreme …