Background and Purpose—Embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) designates
patients with nonlacunar cryptogenic ischemic strokes in whom embolism is the likely stroke …

The term embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) was introduced in 2014 to describe
patients with a nonlacunar ischemic stroke and no convincing etiology. The terms ESUS and …

Background Cryptogenic strokes constitute 20 to 30% of ischemic strokes, and most
cryptogenic strokes are considered to be embolic and of undetermined source. An earlier …

Atrial fibrillation is found in a third of all ischaemic strokes, even more after post-stroke atrial
fibrillation monitoring. Data from stroke registries show that both unknown and untreated or …

Background A third of transient ischaemic attacks (TIAs) and ischaemic strokes are of
undetermined cause (ie, cryptogenic), potentially undermining secondary prevention. If …

Ischaemic strokes have traditionally been classified according to the TOAST criteria, in
which strokes with unclear aetiology are classified as cryptogenic strokes. However, the …

Cardiac thromboembolism attributed to atrial fibrillation (AF) is responsible for up to one-
third of ischemic strokes. Stroke may be the first manifestation of previously undetected AF …

Introduction Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity globally. Atrial
fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia. It is set to reach epidemic …

Background: Cryptogenic stroke accounts for 30% to 40% of ischemic stroke. It is essential
to determine the possible culprit because this will improve secondary stroke prevention …

Background and Purpose—Although left atrial enlargement (LAE) increases incident stroke
risk, the association with recurrent stroke is less clear. Our aim was to determine the …