Air pollution is a global health problem, especially in the context of rapid economic
development and the expansion of urbanization. Herein, we discuss the harmful effects of …

Owing to the inherent shortcomings of traditional therapeutic drugs in terms of inadequate
therapeutic efficacy and toxicity in clinical treatment, nanomedicine designs have received …

This mini-review summarizes the current evidence for the role of macrophage activation and
polarization in inflammation and immune response pertinent to interstitial lung disease …

Copper is an essential element for metabolism in plants and animals. In its nanoform,
copper has found various applications, thus increasing potential environmental exposure …

Over the last years, respiratory diseases represent a clinical concern, being included among
the leading causes of death in the world due to the lack of effective lung therapies, mainly …

Nanomaterials (NMs) are widely used in commercial and medical products, such as
cosmetics, vaccines, and drug carriers. Exposure to NMs via various routes such as dermal …

Objective We reviewed studies on pulmonary, reproductive, and developmental toxicity
caused by carbon nanotubes (CNTs). In paricular, we analyzed how CNT exposure affects …

Anthropogenic carbon nanotubes, with a fibrous structure and physical properties similar to
asbestos, have recently been found within human lung tissues. However, the reported …

Nanosheets of transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDs), the graphene-like two-dimensional
(2D) materials, exhibit a unique combination of properties and have attracted enormous …

Lung cancer is an umbrella term for a subset of heterogeneous diseases that are collectively
responsible for the most cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite the tremendous progress …