Concrete is the most highly used construction material globally. This is largely due to its
durability, versatility and manufacture from inexpensive and readily available materials …

The iron and steel industry is the largest coal consumer and the most greenhouse gas
intensive industry. It consumes about 7% of global energy supply, and conservative …

Tourism industry significantly enhances consumption, creates employment, and becomes a
new engine of economic growth worldwide. However, tourism-led growth is attained at the …

The carbon footprint is a measurement of the environmental effect in terms of the quantity of
greenhouse gases created. Identifying its relevance and scope, describing the functional …

A general rise in environmental and anthropogenically induced greenhouse gas emissions
has resulted from worldwide population growth and a growing appetite for clean energy …

Paper has shaped society for centuries and is considered one of humanity's most important
inventions. However, pulp and paper products can be damaging to social and natural …

Climate change is one of the most significant challenges worldwide. There is strong
evidence from research that climate change will impact several food chain-related elements …

Glass is a material inextricably linked with human civilization. It is also the product of an
energy intensive industry. About 75%–85% of the total energy requirements to produce …

Ceramics are considered one of the greatest and earliest most useful successes of
humankind. However, ceramics can be highly damaging to natural and social systems …

Efficiency stands out as one of the most important options for achieving industrial
decarbonization. In addition to carbon emissions reductions, improving energy, material and …