Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a serious health challenge, causing more deaths
worldwide than cancer. The vascular endothelium, which forms the inner lining of blood …

The vascular endothelium is an interface between the blood stream and the vessel wall.
Changes in this single cell layer of the artery wall are believed of primary importance in the …

Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) are exposed to hemodynamic forces, which modulate EC
functions and vascular biology/pathobiology in health and disease. The flow patterns and …

Atherosclerosis, the leading cause of death in the developed world and nearly the leading
cause in the develo** world, is associated with systemic risk factors including …

Mechanical forces associated with blood flow play important roles in the acute control of
vascular tone, the regulation of arterial structure and remodeling, and the localization of …

Although the pathobiology of atherosclerosis is a complex multifactorial process, blood flow-
induced shear stress has emerged as an essential feature of atherogenesis. This fluid drag …

CLINICAL BLEEDING or thrombosis results from a disturbance in the balance between a
complex network of procoagulant and anticoagulant factors. This network involves three …

We evaluated the effects of nitric oxide (NO) generators and endogenous production of NO
elicited by substance P (SP) in the angiogenesis process. Angiogenesis was monitored in …

Endothelium is essential for maintenance of health of the vessel wall and for the local
regulation of vascular tone and structure and haemostasis. Regular physical exercise, which …

In vitro investigations of the responses of vascular endothelium to fluid shear stress have
typically been conducted under conditions where the time-mean shear stress is uniform. In …