Microbial defenses against mobile genetic elements and viruses: Who defends whom from what?

EPC Rocha, D Bikard - PLoS biology, 2022 - journals.plos.org
Prokaryotes have numerous mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that mediate horizontal gene
transfer (HGT) between cells. These elements can be costly, even deadly, and cells use …

Viruses defined by the position of the virosphere within the replicator space

EV Koonin, VV Dolja, M Krupovic… - … and Molecular Biology …, 2021 - Am Soc Microbiol
Originally, viruses were defined as miniscule infectious agents that passed through filters
that retain even the smallest cells. Subsequently, viruses were considered obligate …

Fungal small RNAs ride in extracellular vesicles to enter plant cells through clathrin-mediated endocytosis

B He, H Wang, G Liu, A Chen, A Calvo, Q Cai… - Nature …, 2023 - nature.com
Small RNAs (sRNAs) of the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea can enter plant cells and hijack
host Argonaute protein 1 (AGO1) to silence host immunity genes. However, the mechanism …

[HTML][HTML] Plant mRNAs move into a fungal pathogen via extracellular vesicles to reduce infection

S Wang, B He, H Wu, Q Cai, O Ramírez-Sánchez… - Cell Host & Microbe, 2024 - cell.com
Cross-kingdom small RNA trafficking between hosts and microbes modulates gene
expression in the interacting partners during infection. However, whether other RNAs are …

Identification and characterization of thousands of bacteriophage satellites across bacteria

JAM de Sousa, A Fillol-Salom, JR Penadés… - Nucleic acids …, 2023 - academic.oup.com
Bacteriophage–bacteria interactions are affected by phage satellites, elements that exploit
phages for transfer between bacteria. Satellites can encode defense systems, antibiotic …

Core defense hotspots within Pseudomonas aeruginosa are a consistent and rich source of anti-phage defense systems

MC Johnson, E Laderman, E Huiting… - Nucleic acids …, 2023 - academic.oup.com
Bacteria use a diverse arsenal of anti-phage immune systems, including CRISPR-Cas and
restriction enzymes. Recent advances in anti-phage system discovery and annotation tools …

Phage-inducible chromosomal minimalist islands (PICMIs), a novel family of small marine satellites of virulent phages

R Barcia-Cruz, D Goudenège… - Nature …, 2024 - nature.com
Phage satellites are bacterial genetic elements that co-opt phage machinery for their own
dissemination. Here we identify a family of satellites, named Phage-Inducible Chromosomal …

Hijackers, hitchhikers, or co-drivers? The mysteries of mobilizable genetic elements

M Ares-Arroyo, C Coluzzi, JA Moura de Sousa… - PLoS …, 2024 - journals.plos.org
Mobile genetic elements shape microbial gene repertoires and populations. Recent results
reveal that many, possibly most, microbial mobile genetic elements require helpers to …

Large language models improve annotation of prokaryotic viral proteins

ZN Flamholz, SJ Biller, L Kelly - Nature Microbiology, 2024 - nature.com
Viral genomes are poorly annotated in metagenomic samples, representing an obstacle to
understanding viral diversity and function. Current annotation approaches rely on alignment …

Marine viral particles reveal an expansive repertoire of phage-parasitizing mobile elements

JM Eppley, SJ Biller, E Luo, A Burger… - Proceedings of the …, 2022 - National Acad Sciences
Phage satellites are mobile genetic elements that propagate by parasitizing bacteriophage
replication. We report here the discovery of abundant and diverse phage satellites that were …