Myelination of axons in the nervous system of vertebrates enables fast, saltatory impulse
propagation, one of the best-understood concepts in neurophysiology. However, it took a …

Remyelination involves reinvesting demyelinated axons with new myelin sheaths. In stark
contrast to the situation that follows loss of neurons or axonal damage, remyelination in the …

The myelination of axons by glial cells was the last major step in the evolution of cells in the
vertebrate nervous system, and white-matter tracts are key to the architecture of the …

Oligodendrocytes are the myelinating cells of the central nervous system (CNS). They are
the end product of a cell lineage which has to undergo a complex and precisely timed …

Axon degeneration is a prominent early feature of most neurodegenerative disorders and
can also be induced directly by nerve injury in a process known as Wallerian degeneration …

Neurons require mechanisms to maintain ATP homeostasis in axons, which are highly
vulnerable to bioenergetic failure. Here, we elucidate a transcellular signaling mechanism …

In addition to their role in providing myelin for rapid impulse propagation, the glia that
ensheath long axons are required for the maintenance of normal axon transport and long …

The integrity of myelinated axons relies on homeostatic support from oligodendrocytes
(OLs). To determine how OLs detect axonal spiking and how rapid axon–OL metabolic …

Many major human neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease,
Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), display axonal pathologies …

A wide range of insults can trigger axon degeneration, and axons respond with diverse
morphology, topology and speed. However, recent genetic, immunochemical, morphological …