Post-transcriptional ribonucleotide modification is a phenomenon best studied in tRNA,
where it occurs most frequently and in great chemical diversity. This paper reviews the …

Following synthesis, tRNAs are peppered by numerous chemical modifications which may
differentially affect a tRNA's structure and function. Although modifications affecting the …

Summary tRNAs are synthesized as immature precursors, and on their way to functional
maturity, extra nucleotides at their 5′ ends are removed by an endonuclease called RNase …

Alternative foldings are an inherent property of RNA and a ubiquitous problem in scientific
investigations. To a living organism, alternative foldings can be a blessing or a problem, and …

Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) decode messenger RNA codons to peptides at the ribosome. The
nuclear genome contains many tRNA genes for each amino acid and even each anticodon …

Eukaryotes and archaea use two sets of specialized ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) to carry out
sequence-specific methylation and pseudouridylation of RNA, the two most abundant types …

Pseudouridine synthases are the enzymes responsible for the most abundant
posttranscriptional modification of cellular RNAs. These enzymes catalyze the site-specific …

Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are heavily decorated with post-transcriptional chemical
modifications. Approximately 100 different modifications have been identified in tRNAs, and …

Micronutrients from the diet and gut microbiota are essential to human health and wellbeing.
Arguably, among the most intriguing and enigmatic of these micronutrients is queuine, an …

This volume is a timely and comprehensive description of the many facets of DNA and RNA
modification-editing processes and to some extent repair mechanisms. Each chapter offers …