A content delivery network (CDN) is a distributed infrastructure to deliver digital contents to
end users with high performance. CDNs are critical to provide and protect the availability of …

One of the cornerstones in censorship circumvention is fully encrypted protocols, which
encrypt every byte of the payload in an attempt to “look like nothing”. In early November …

A broad range of research areas including Internet measurement, privacy, and network
security rely on lists of target domains to be analysed; researchers make use of target lists …

Censorship systems such as the Great Firewall (GFW) have been continuously refined to
enhance their filtering capabilities. However, most prior studies, and in particular the GFW …

Russia's Sovereign RuNet was designed to build a Russian national firewall. Previous
anecdotes and isolated events in the past two years reflected centrally coordinated …

With the increasing use of TLS encryption over web traffic, censors start to deploy SNI
filtering for more effective censorship. Specifically, a censor can identify the web domain …

Since 2006, Turkmenistan has been listed as one of the few Internet enemies by Reporters
without Borders due to its extensively censored Internet and strictly regulated information …

The global escalation of Internet censorship by nation-state actors has led to an ongoing
arms race between censors and obfuscated circumvention proxies. Research over the past …

Many censorship circumvention tools rely on trusted proxies that allow users within
censored regions to access blocked Internet content by tunneling it through a covert channel …

Researchers and censoring regimes have long engaged in a cat-and-mouse game, leading
to increasingly sophisticated Internet-scale censorship techniques and methods to evade …