Abstract In 1977, Blandford and Znajek showed that the electromagnetic field surrounding a
rotating black hole can harvest its spin energy and use it to power a collimated astrophysical …

The optical characteristics of three types of black holes (BHs) surrounded by a thin accretion
disk are discussed, namely the Schwarzschild BH, Bardeen BH, and Hayward BH. We …

Abstract The Blandford and Znajek (BZ) split-monopole serves as an important theoretical
example of the mechanism that can drive the electromagnetic extraction of energy from Kerr …

In the canonical model of a pulsar, rotational energy is transmitted through the surrounding
plasma via two electrical circuits, each connecting to the star over a small region known as …

The Blandford-Znajek process, which uses a magnetized plasma to extract energy from a
rotating black hole, is one of the leading candidates for powering relativistic jets. In this work …

General relativity (GR) will be imminently challenged by upcoming experiments in the strong
gravity regime, including those testing the energy extraction mechanisms for black holes …

Most studies of the pulsar magnetosphere have assumed a pure magnetic dipole in flat
spacetime. However, recent work suggests that the effects of general relativity are in fact of …

We show that the (3+ 1)-dimensional gauged nonlinear sigma model minimally coupled to a
U (1) gauge field possesses analytic solutions representing gauged solitons at finite baryon …

Analytical solutions to force-free electrodynamics around black holes are fundamental for
building simple models of accretion disk and jet dynamics. We present a (nonexhaustive) …

Abstract The Blandford-Znajek mechanism is the continuous extraction of energy from a
rotating black hole via plasma currents flowing on magnetic field lines threading the horizon …