Vestibular epithelia of the inner ear detect head motions over a wide range of amplitudes
and frequencies. In mammals, afferent nerve fibers from central and peripheral zones of …

The semicircular canals are responsible for sensing angular head motion in three-
dimensional space and for providing neural inputs to the central nervous system (CNS) …

Amniotes evolved a unique postsynaptic terminal in the inner ear vestibular organs called
the calyx that receives both quantal and nonquantal (NQ) synaptic inputs from Type I …

The utricle of the inner ear, a vestibular sensory structure that mediates perception of linear
acceleration, is comprised of two morphologically and physiologically distinct types of …

Afferent nerve fibers in the central zones of vestibular epithelia form calyceal endings
around type I hair cells and have phasic response properties that emphasize fast head …

In amniotes, head motions and tilt are detected by two types of vestibular hair cells (HCs)
with strikingly different morphology and physiology. Mature type I HCs express a large and …

Vestibular hair cells transmit information about head position and motion across synapses to
primary afferent neurons. At some of these synapses, the afferent neuron envelopes the hair …

Neurons in develo** sensory pathways exhibit spontaneous bursts of electrical activity
that are critical for survival, maturation and circuit refinement. In the auditory system …

Older studies of mammalian otolith physiology have focused mainly on sustained responses
to low-frequency (< 50 Hz) or maintained linear acceleration. So the otoliths have been …

Phase-locking of cochlear neurons to sound has been of great value in understanding
cochlear transduction. Phase-locking has also been reported previously in irregular …