Various gram-negative animal and plant pathogens use a novel, sec-independent protein
secretion system as a basic virulence mechanism. It is becoming increasingly clear that …

SUMMARY Coronatine, syringomycin, syringopeptin, tabtoxin, and phaseolotoxin are the
most intensively studied phytotoxins of Pseudomonas syringae, and each contributes …

Diverse interactions between hosts and microbes are initiated by the detection of host-
released chemical signals. Detection of these signals leads to altered patterns of gene …

The ablllty of P. syringae to elicit the hypersensitive response In nonhost plants or
pathogenesls In hosts is controlled by hrp genes. The P. syringae pv. syrlngae 61 hrpZ gene …

Higher plants contain potentially vast sources of nutrients for the myriad bacterial species in
their environment, and most bacteria are small enough to pass through stomates and other …

Leaf microbiomes play crucial roles in plant health, making it important to understand the
origins and functional relevance of their diversity. High strain-level leaf bacterial genetic …

Pseudomonas syringae relies on type III secretion system to deliver effector proteins into the
host cell for parasitism. Type III genes are induced in planta, but host factors affecting the …

Type III secreted “effector” proteins of bacterial pathogens play central roles in virulence, yet
are notoriously difficult to identify. We used an in vivo genetic screen to identify 13 effectors …

Bacteria respond to changes in internal and external pH by adjusting the activity and
synthesis of proteins associated with many different processes, including proton …

The plant apoplast is the intercellular space that surrounds plant cells, in which metabolic
and physiological processes relating to cell wall biosynthesis, nutrient transport, and stress …