The hypothalamo-pituitary system developed in early vertebrates. Prolactin is an ancient
vertebrate hormone released from the pituitary that exerts particularly diverse functions. The …

The peptide hormone prolactin is a functionally versatile hormone produced by the
vertebrate pituitary. Comparative studies over the last six decades have revealed that a …

Hormones play a critical role in maintaining body fluid balance in euryhaline fishes during
changes in environmental salinity. The neuroendocrine axis senses osmotic and ionic …

The processing of intestinal fluid, in addition to a high drinking rate, is essential for
osmoregulation in marine fish. This study analyzed the long-term response of the sea bream …

The anesthetic efficacy of the essential oil of Lippia alba (EOLA) in Sparus aurata was
evaluated by induction and recovery times of anesthesia. After, specimens were exposed to …

In euryhaline teleost black porgy, Acanthopagrus schlegelii, the glucocorticoid receptor (gr),
growth hormone receptor (ghr), prolactin (prl)-receptor (prlr), and sodium–potassium …

The endocrine system is an essential regulator of the osmoregulatory organs that enable
euryhaline fishes to maintain hydromineral balance in a broad range of environmental …

Somatic growth in vertebrates is mainly controlled by the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like
growth factor I (IGF-I) axis. The role of epigenetic mechanisms in regulating this axis in fish is …

The hypothalamus–pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis, involved in the regulation of the
neuroendocrine stress responses, presents important players such as corticotropin …

To maintain internal ion balance in marine environments, teleost fishes leverage seawater
(SW)-type ionocytes to actively secrete Na+ and Cl− into the environment. It is well …