Genetic variation is the major mechanism behind adaptation and evolutionary change. As
most proteins operate through interactions with other proteins, changes in protein complex …

Anaerobiosis has independently evolved in multiple lineages of ciliates, allowing them to
colonize a variety of anoxic and oxygen‐depleted habitats. Anaerobic ciliates commonly …

Mitochondrial metabolism is entirely dependent on the biosynthesis of the [4Fe-4S] clusters,
which are part of the subunits of the respiratory chain. The mitochondrial late ISC pathway …

The research on anaerobic ciliates, to date, has mainly been focused on representatives of
obligately anaerobic classes such as Armophorea or Plagiopylea. In this study, we focus on …

Background The presence of mitochondria is a distinguishing feature between prokaryotic
and eukaryotic cells. It is currently accepted that the evolutionary origin of mitochondria …

Fornicata, a lineage of a broader and ancient anaerobic eukaryotic clade Metamonada,
contains diverse taxa that are ideally suited for evolutionary studies addressing various …

Metamonads are a large and exclusively anaerobic group of protists. Additionally, they are
one of the three clades proposed to ancestrally possess an “excavate” cell morphology, with …

The main bacterial pathway for inserting proteins into the plasma membrane relies on the
signal recognition particle (SRP), composed of the Ffh protein and an associated RNA …

Mitochondrial metabolism is entirely dependent on the biosynthesis of the [4Fe-4S] clusters,
which are part of the subunits of the respiratory chain. The mitochondrial late ISC pathway …

Endomyxans are a poorly sampled and incompletely resolved aggregate of Rhizarian
lineages that fall outside Filosa and Retaria. Among them," Novel Clade 12"(NC12; Bass et …