Although most mutations in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-
CoV-2) genome are expected to be either deleterious and swiftly purged or relatively …

The COVID-19 pandemic galvanized the field of virus genomic surveillance, demonstrating
its utility for public health. Now, we must harness the momentum that led to increased …

Influenza epidemics vary in intensity from year to year, driven by climatic conditions and by
viral antigenic evolution. However, important spatial variation remains unexplained. Here we …

The large-scale evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been marked by rapid turnover of
genetic clades. New variants show intrinsic changes, notably increased transmissibility, and …

Influenza is a major global public health threat as a result of its highly pathogenic variants,
large zoonotic reservoir, and pandemic potential. Metagenomic viral sequencing offers the …

Influenza virus infection is an ongoing health and economic burden causing epidemics with
pandemic potential, affecting 5–30% of the global population annually, and is responsible …

In the centenary year of the devastating 1918‐19 pandemic, it seems opportune to reflect on
the success of the WHO Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS) …

Across decades of co-circulation in humans, influenza A subtypes H1N1 and H3N2 have
caused seasonal epidemics characterized by different age distributions of cases and …

The high genetic diversity of influenza viruses means that traditional serological assays
have too low throughput to measure serum antibody neutralization titers against all relevant …

SARS-CoV-2 presents an unprecedented international challenge, but it will not be the last
such threat. Here, we argue that the world needs to be much better prepared to rapidly …