Cellular stress induced by the abnormal accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins at
the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is emerging as a possible driver of human diseases …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a membranous intracellular organelle and the first
compartment of the secretory pathway. As such, the ER contributes to the production and …

The basic-helix/loop/helix per-Arnt-sim (bHLH/PAS) family comprises many transcription
factors, found throughout all three kingdoms of life; bHLH/PAS members “sense” …

Abstract gadd153, also known as chop, is a highly stress-inducible gene that is robustly
expressed following disruption of homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)(so-called …

The paradox of aerobic life, or the'Oxygen Paradox', is that higher eukaryotic aerobic
organisms cannot exist without oxygen, yet oxygen is inherently dangerous to their …

Phosphorylation of the α subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2α) on serine
51 integrates general translation repression with activation of stress-inducible genes such …

Cells respond to a wide variety of stresses through the transcriptional activation of genes
that harbour stress elements within their promoters. While many of these elements are …

C: ell cycle checkpoints can enhance cell survival and liimit mutagenic events following DNA
damage. Primary murine fibroblasts became deficient in a Gl clheckpoint activated by …

Oxidative stress is an unavoidable consequence of life in an oxygen‐rich atmosphere.
Oxygen radicals and other activated oxygen species are generated as by‐products of …

The first identified Gadd45 gene, Gadd45a, encodes a ubiquitously expressed protein that is
often induced by DNA damage and other stress signals associated with growth arrest and …