Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are monoclonal antibodies that target two key signalling
pathways related to T cell activation and exhaustion, by binding to and inhibiting cytotoxic T …

This comprehensive practice parameter for allergic rhinitis (AR) and nonallergic rhinitis
(NAR) provides updated guidance on diagnosis, assessment, selection of monotherapy and …

Glucocorticoids are widely prescribed as anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agents.
This results in at least 1% of the population using chronic glucocorticoid therapy, being at …

Background No consensus exists on how to reduce oral corticosteroids after the initiation of
biologics in severe asthma. The PONENTE trial evaluated the effectiveness and safety of a …

Adrenal insufficiency (AI) is a condition characterized by an absolute or relative deficiency of
adrenal cortisol production. Primary AI (PAI) is rare and is caused by direct adrenal failure …

Synthetic glucocorticoids are widely used for their anti-inflammatory and
immunosuppressive actions. A possible unwanted effect of glucocorticoid treatment is …

Nuclear receptor crosstalk can be defined as the interplay between different nuclear
receptors or between their overlap** signalling pathways. A subset of nuclear receptors …

Chronic glucocorticoid (GC) treatment represents a widely-prescribed therapy for several
diseases in consideration of both anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activity but, if …

Flavonoids are natural polyphenolic compounds which are included in a panoply of drugs
and used to treat and/or manage human ailments such as metabolic, cardiovascular …

Background Non-infectious uveitis (NIU) is an immune-mediated disease with clinical
symptoms such as eye pain, redness, floaters, and light sensitivity. NIU is one of the leading …