Positive allosteric modulators of γ-aminobutyric acid-A (GABA A) receptors or GABAkines
have been widely used medicines for over 70 years for anxiety, epilepsy, sleep, and other …

The intricate balance between excitation and inhibition (E/I) in the brain plays a crucial role
in normative information processing. Dysfunctions in the E/I balance have been implicated in …

Dementia is considered a clinical syndrome characterized by cognitive dysfunction and
memory loss. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia. AD is linked …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent type of dementia characterized by the
deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaque and tau-neurofibrillary tangles (TNTs) in the brain …

Benzodiazepines (BZDs) and Z-drugs are compounds widely prescribed in medical practice
due to their anxiolytic, hypnotic, and muscle relaxant properties. Yet, their chronic use is …

Background Sevoflurane is a superior agent for maintaining anesthesia during surgical
procedures. However, the neurotoxic mechanisms of clinical concentration remain poorly …

Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a serious neurologic complication in aged
patients and might be associated with sevoflurane exposure. However, the specific …

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the nervous
system. The GABA signaling system in the brain is comprised of GABA synthesizing …

Background Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a long-term postoperative
complication in elderly surgical patients. The underlying mechanism of PND is unclear, and …

Tonic inhibition mediated by extrasynaptic γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABA A
Rs) critically regulates neuronal excitability and brain function. However, the mechanisms …