Coordinated interactions between the central and autonomic nervous systems are crucial for
survival due to the inherent propensity for human behavior to make errors. In our ever …

It has been argued that emotion, pain and cognitive control are functionally segregated in
distinct subdivisions of the cingulate cortex. However, recent observations encourage a …

Conflict-monitoring theory proposes that conflict between incompatible responses is
registered by a dedicated monitoring system, and that this conflict signal triggers changes of …

Cognitive control theory suggests that goal-directed behavior is governed by a dynamic
interplay between areas of the prefrontal cortex. Critical to cognitive control is the detection …

Convergent evidence highlights the differential contributions of various regions of the
prefrontal cortex in the service of cognitive control, but little is understood about how the …

Accurate assessment of animal emotion (affect) is an important goal in animal welfare
science, and in areas such as neuroscience and psychopharmacology. Direct measures of …

Students' beliefs and goals can powerfully influence their learning success. Those who
believe intelligence is a fixed entity (entity theorists) tend to emphasize 'performance …

We review two decades of research on the error-related negativity (ERN or Ne), a
component of the event-related brain potential that accompanies errors in speeded …

Obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD) is a complex and heterogeneous disorder that is
associated with high personal and societal costs. Feelings of doubt, worry, and repetitive …

The ERN is a negative deflection in the event-related potential that peaks approximately 50
ms after the commission of an error. The ERN is thought to reflect early error-processing …