Maternal stress can affect the offspring of birds, possibly due to hormone deposition in the
egg. Additionally, phenotypic diversity resulting from domestication and selection for …

Historically, the fields of ecoimmunology, psychoneuroimmunology and disease ecology
have taken complementary yet disparate theoretical and experimental approaches, despite …

Early-life exposure to stressors can shape the phenotype of the offspring resulting in
changes that may affect their prehatch and posthatch development. This can be modeled …

Stressors experienced by layer breeders during egg production can lead to changes in the
egg hormone content, potentially impacting their offspring, the commercial layers. Genetic …

Background In egg-laying animals, mothers can influence the developmental environment
and thus the phenotype of their offspring by secreting various substances into the egg yolk …

Maternal effects have been reported to alter offspring phenotype in laying hens. In this study,
we investigated the effects of maternal environment and maternal age on egg traits and …

Recent studies have shown that the egg yolk maternal components, which are a mixture of
substances that can affect the develo** embryo, do not act separately but are …

Maternally derived hormones induce variation in offspring phenotype, with consequences
that can carry over into post-natal life and even into adulthood. In birds, maternal egg …

Urbanization can cause innumerable abiotic and biotic changes that have the potential to
influence the ecology, behavior, and physiology of native resident organisms. Relative to …

Avian eggs contain a large number of molecules deposited by the mother that provide the
embryo with energy but also potentially influence its development via the effects of …