The cGAS–STING signalling pathway has emerged as a key mediator of inflammation in the
settings of infection, cellular stress and tissue damage. Underlying this broad involvement of …

The transcription factor NF-κB regulates multiple aspects of innate and adaptive immune
functions and serves as a pivotal mediator of inflammatory response. In the first part of this …

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by distinct patterns of disease
progression that suggest diverse host immune responses. We performed an integrated …

The detection of pathogens through nucleic acid sensors is a defining principle of innate
immunity. RNA-sensing and DNA-sensing receptors sample subcellular compartments for …

Besides its role as the blueprint of life, DNA can also alert the cell to the presence of
microbial pathogens as well as damaged or malignant cells. A major sensor of DNA that …

Mitochondria are cellular organelles that orchestrate a vast range of biological processes,
from energy production and metabolism to cell death and inflammation. Despite this …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are fundamental for macrophages to eliminate invasive
microorganisms. However, as observed in nonphagocytic cells, ROS play essential roles in …

Aberrant activation of innate immune pathways is associated with a variety of diseases.
Progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of innate immune pathways has led …

BACKGROUND The life of any organism depends on the ability of cells to accurately
recognize and eliminate harmful microbes. To detect the immense repertoire of pathogenic …

The rapid detection of microbial agents is essential for the effective initiation of host defence
mechanisms against infection. Understanding how cells detect cytosolic DNA to trigger …