We review recent studies of a colloidal information engine that consists of a bead in water
and held by an optical trap. The bead is ratcheted upward without any apparent external …

We retrospect three abstract models for heat engines which include a classic abstract model
in textbook of thermal physics, a primary abstract model for finite-time heat engines, and a …

Stochastic thermodynamics has revolutionized our understanding of heat engines operating
in finite time. Recently, numerous studies have considered the optimal operation of …

Information engines can convert thermal fluctuations of a bath at temperature T into work at
rates of order k BT per relaxation time of the system. We show experimentally that such …

Macroscopic cyclic heat engines have been a major motivation for the emergence of
thermodynamics. In the past decade, cyclic heat engines that have large fluctuations and …

We investigate a model for a Stirling-like engine consisting of a passive Brownian particle
confined by a harmonic potential and interacting with a suspension of active Brownian …

Heat engines and information engines have each historically served as motivating examples
for the development of thermodynamics. While these two types of systems are typically …

Active matter constantly dissipates energy to power the self-propulsion of its microscopic
constituents. This opens the door to designing innovative cyclic engines without any …

The study of thermal heat engines was pivotal to establishing the principles of equilibrium
thermodynamics, with implications far wider than only engine optimization. For …

The information engine is a feedback mechanism that extorts work from a single heat bath
using the mutual information earned during the measurement. We consider an overdamped …