The Russian state-funded international broadcaster RT (formerly Russia Today) has
attracted much attention as a purveyor of Russian propaganda. To date, most studies of RT …

Social media platforms, particularly Twitter, have become pivotal arenas for influence
campaigns, often orchestrated by state-sponsored information operations (IOs). This paper …

Europe has always occupied a special place in Russia's storytelling of the 'self'and the
'other'–from Russia being portrayed as 'part of Europe'to it being cast as a 'better Europe'or …

In the Internet era, people can encounter a vast array of political news outlets, many with
which they are unfamiliar. These unknown media outlets are notable because they …

As Russia launched its full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, social media was rife
with pro-Kremlin disinformation. To effectively tackle the issue of state-sponsored …

The reach of illiberal international propaganda outlets rests on citizens in democratic
countries as recipients and potential disseminators. However, little research has scrutinised …

International Relations (IR) scholars have theorized the significance of communication and
messaging across state borders, using notions such as soft power, sharp power …

Russian state propaganda outlets Russia Today (RT) and Sputnik are an important part of
Russian foreign policy and key global sources of disinformation. Previous work has argued …

The use of disinformation to disrupt the domestic politics of other states has become a staple
of contemporary global politics. How these campaigns operate at a microlevel of individual …

Russia utilizes state-sponsored news media outlets, such as RT or Sputnik, to project
antagonistic strategic narratives into targeted societies and perturb international audiences …