Molecular dynamics (MD) has evolved into a ubiquitous, versatile and powerful
computational method for fundamental research in science branches such as biology …

The commercialization of fuel cells, such as proton exchange membrane fuel cells and direct
methanol/formic acid fuel cells, is hampered by their poor stability, high cost, fuel crossover …

Continuous advancement in nonvolatile and morphotropic beyond-Moore electronic devices
requires integration of ferroelectric and semiconductor materials. The emergence of hafnium …

This review focuses on the formation and preparation of defects, the dynamic evolution
process of defects, and the influence of defect dynamic evolution on catalytic reactions. The …

Electrochemical processes for renewable energy conversion and generation represent
promising pathways for lowering our dependence on fossil fuels yet critically depend on the …

A few decades ago, the irradiation process was considered to be just a lethal technique that
damaged the structure of solid materials, but in the last few years, new discoveries have also …

BACKGROUND Membranes are thin physical barriers that allow for transport of certain
species while limiting others. Atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) materials are crystalline …

Since their modern debut in 2004, 2-dimensional (2D) materials continue to exhibit scientific
and industrial promise, providing a broad materials platform for scientific investigation, and …

Over the past 70 years, the semiconductor industry has undergone transformative changes,
largely driven by the miniaturization of devices and the integration of innovative structures …

The layered two-dimensional (2D) materials, eg, the well-known graphene, transition metal
dichalcogenides, and topological insulators, have attracted great interest of researchers …