Water plays a critical role in erosion and sediment transport and this relationship is most
evident in the hyperarid Atacama Desert of Northern Chile, a region characterized by …

Earth owes its oxygenated atmosphere to its unique claim on life, but how the atmosphere
evolved from an initially oxygen-free state remains unresolved. The rise of atmospheric …

Mountain belts modulate denudation flux and hydrologic processes and are thus
fundamental to nutrient cycling on Earth's surface. We used europium anomalies in detrital …

Much of the world's economic copper resources are hosted in porphyry copper deposits
(PCDs), shallow level magmatic intrusions associated mostly with thick (> 45 km) magmatic …

Plate-tectonic processes have long been thought to be the major cause of the Cenozoic
global carbon cycle, and global cooling by uplift of the Tibetan Plateau through enhancing …

The existence of stabilizing feedbacks within Earth's climate system is generally thought to
be necessary for the persistence of liquid water and life. Over the course of Earth's history …

The majority of arc magmas are highly evolved due to differentiation within the lithosphere or
crust. Some studies have suggested a relationship between crustal thickness and magmatic …

Volcanism and metamorphism are the principal geologic processes that drive carbon
transfer from the interior of Earth to the surface reservoir. 1–4 Input of carbon to the surface …

Crustal thickness, elevation, and Sr/Y and (La/Yb) N of magmatic rocks are strongly
correlated for subduction‐related and collision‐related mountain belts. We quantitatively …

Convergent plate boundaries are key sites for continental crustal formation and recycling.
Quantifying the evolution of crustal thickness and paleoelevation along ancient convergent …