Currently, smart contract vulnerabilities (SCVs) have emerged as a major factor threatening
the transaction security of blockchain. Existing state-of-the-art methods rely on deep learning …

WebAssembly (Wasm) smart contracts have shown growing popularity across blockchains
(eg, EOSIO) recently. Similar to Ethereum smart contracts, Wasm smart contracts suffer from …

While many mainstream languages such as Java, Python, and C# increasingly incorporate
functional APIs to simplify programming and improve parallelization/performance, there are …

This paper presents OVer, a framework designed to automatically analyze the behavior of
decentralized finance (DeFi) protocols when subjected to a" skewed" oracle input. OVer …

As smart contracts gain adoption in financial transactions, it becomes increasingly important
to ensure that they are free of bugs and security vulnerabilities. Of particular relevance in this …

Smart contracts facilitate the execution of programmable code on a blockchain. The cost for
executing smart contract code is metered using gas-the exact amount of which is based on …

We introduce user-propagators as a new feature of the Z3 SMT solver. User-propagation
allows users to write custom theory extensions for Z3, by implementing callbacks via the Z3 …

Since executing a smart contract on the Ethereum blockchain costs money (measured in
gas), smart contract developers spend significant effort in reducing gas usage. In this paper …

Due to the popularity of smart contracts in the modern financial ecosystem, there has been
growing interest in formally verifying their correctness and security properties. Most existing …

OpenZeppelin is a popular framework for building smart contracts. It provides common
libraries (eg, SafeMath), implementations of Ethereum standards (eg, ERC20), and reusable …