The defense of the host from foreign pathogens is the commonly accepted function of the
vertebrate immune system. A complex system consisting of many differing cells and …

There are ten mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatases (MKPs) that act as
negative regulators of MAPK activity in mammalian cells and these can be subdivided into …

H-ras, N-ras, and K-ras are canonical ras gene family members frequently activated by point
mutation in human cancers and coding for 4 different, highly related protein isoforms (H-Ras …

Osteopontin (OPN) is a secreted adhesive glycophosphoprotein expressed by several cell
types It is normally produced in bone, teeth, kidney and epithelial lining tissues and is found …

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine interactions between the proteasome
inhibitor bortezomib (Velcade) and the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors sodium …

Intracellular signaling by mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases (MAPK) is involved in
many cellular responses and in the regulation of various physiological and pathological …

The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are key regulators of cell growth and
survival in physiological and pathological processes. Aberrant MAPK signaling plays a …

Background: Response to EGFR-targeted therapies in colorectal cancer patients has been
convincingly associated with Kirsten-Ras (K-Ras) mutation status. Current mandatory …

Abstract Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a growth and survival factor for multiple myeloma cells. As we
report here, the IL-6–dependent human myeloma cell line INA-6 responds with a remarkably …

Background We previously identified a functional variant in a let-7 microRNA (miRNA)
complementary site in the 3′-untranslated region of the KRAS oncogene (rs61764370) …