Significance: Oxidative (reactive oxygen species [ROS]) and nitrosative (reactive nitrogen
species [RNS]) stress affects many physiological processes, including survival and death …

In addition to the established role of the mitochondria in energy metabolism, regulation of
cell death has emerged as a second major function of these organelles. This seems to be …

Widespread changes in gene expression drive tumorigenesis, yet our knowledge of how
aberrant epigenomic and transcriptome profiles arise in cancer cells is poorly understood …

In the past few years, nuclear DNA damage-sensing mechanisms activated by ionizing
radiation have been identified, including ATM/ATR and the DNA-dependent protein kinase …

The endothelium is not considered to be a major energy-requiring organ, but nevertheless
endothelial cells have an extensive mitochondrial network. This suggests that mitochondrial …

The endothelium is essential for the maintenance of vascular homeostasis. Central to this
role is the production of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (EDNO), synthesized by the …

Caveolins are a family of membrane-bound scaffolding proteins that compartmentalize and
negatively regulate signal transduction. Recent studies have implicated a loss of caveolin-1 …

Background—Sildenafil, a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor, induces cardioprotection against
ischemia/reperfusion injury via opening of mitochondrial KATP channels. It is unclear …

Endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS) is an important component of vascular
homeostasis. During vascular disease, endothelial cells are exposed to excess reactive …

The functional role of mitochondria in cell physiology has previously centered around
metabolism, with oxidative phosphorylation playing a pivotal role. Recently, however, this …