Constant and extensive use of chemical insecticides has created a selection pressure and
favored resistance development in many insect species worldwide. One of the most …

Background Indoor-based anti-vector interventions remain the preferred means of reducing
risk of malaria transmission in malaria endemic areas around the world. Despite …

Malaria is still a major burden causing the death of nearly 655,000 people each year, mostly
in children under the age of five, and affecting those living in the poorest countries [1] …

Background Speciation among members of the Anopheles gambiae complex is thought to
be promoted by disruptive selection and ecological divergence acting on sets of adaptation …

Background A comprehensive malaria control intervention was initiated in February 2004 on
Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea. This manuscript reports on the continuous entomological …

Background Knock-down resistance (kdr) to DDT and pyrethroids in the major Afrotropical
vector species, Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto, is associated with two alternative point …

Since 2004, indoor residual spraying (IRS) and long-lasting insecticide-impregnated
bednets (LLINs) have reduced the malaria parasite prevalence in children on Bioko Island …

Context: Arthropod-borne diseases are remaining as a major public health issue in the
resource-constrained settings. Mosquitoes are closely associated with mankind since time …

We report the first finding of the knockdown Leu-Phe and Leu-Ser mutations associated with
resistance to pyrethroids and DDT insecticides in the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae …

Background At the end of 2005, a nationwide long-lasting insecticide-treated net (LLIN)
distribution targeting the most vulnerable populations was implemented throughout Niger. A …