Understanding how turbulence leads to the enhanced irreversible transport of heat and
other scalars such as salt and pollutants in density-stratified fluids is a fundamental and …

Mixing efficiency is the ratio of the net change in potential energy to the energy expended in
producing the mixing. Parameterizations of efficiency and of related mixing coefficients are …

A cascade hypothesis for a strongly stratified fluid is developed on the basis of the
Boussinesq equations. According to this hypothesis, kinetic and potential energy are …

Direct numerical simulations of stably and strongly stratified turbulent flows with Reynolds
number Re≫ 1 and horizontal Froude number Fh≪ 1 are presented. The results are …

Throughout the history of science, physics-based modeling has relied on judiciously
approximating observed dynamics as a balance between a few dominant processes …

We present numerical simulations of stably stratified, vortically forced turbulence at a wide
range of Froude numbers. Large-scale vortical forcing was chosen to represent geophysical …

We consider mixing of the density field in stratified turbulence and argue that, at sufficiently
high Reynolds numbers, stationary turbulence will have a mixing efficiency and closely …

Several existing sets of smaller-scale ocean and atmospheric data appear to display
Kolmogorov–Obukov–Corrsin inertial ranges in horizontal spectra for length scales up to at …

We present laboratory experiments on turbulence in a linearly stratified fluid driven by an
ensemble of internal gravity waves which approaches statistical homogeneity and …

Wakes produced by underwater vehicles, particularly submarines, in density-stratified fluids
play a pivotal role across military, academic, and engineering domains. In comparison to …