The brain-gut axis is a bidirectional communication system between the central nervous
system and the gastrointestinal tract. Serotonin functions as a key neurotransmitter at both …

The development of animal models is a critical step for exploring the underlying
pathophysiological mechanisms of major affective disorders and for evaluating potential …

The inhibitory avoidance paradigm allows the study of mechanisms underlying learning and
memory formation in zebrafish (Danio rerio Hamilton). For zebrafish, the physiology and …

Depression is a serious public health concern. Many patients are not effectively treated, but
in children and adolescents this problem is compounded by limited pharmaceutical options …

Depressed individuals who carry the short allele for the serotonin-transporter-linked
promotor region of the gene are more vulnerable to stress and have reduced response to …

There is an unmet need in the treatment of depression suggesting requirement of new
therapeutic approaches having better efficacy and safety profile. Patients receiving …

The forced swim test (FST) was proposed by Porsolt et al.(1977a, b) as a relatively rapid test
to identify new compounds with potential antidepressant activity in rats and mice. In this test …

The use of a combined therapy with low doses of estrogens plus antidepressants to treat
depression associated to perimenopause could be advantageous. However the use of these …

Abstract The misuse of 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) has drawn a
growing concern worldwide for its psychophysiological impacts on humans. MDMA abusers …

The orphan nuclear receptor TLX is predominantly expressed in the central nervous system
and is an important factor regulating the maintenance and self-renewal of neural stem cells …