Flow over an espresso cup: inferring 3-D velocity and pressure fields from tomographic background oriented Schlieren via physics-informed neural networks

S Cai, Z Wang, F Fuest, YJ Jeon, C Gray… - Journal of Fluid …, 2021 - cambridge.org
Tomographic background oriented Schlieren (Tomo-BOS) imaging measures density or
temperature fields in three dimensions using multiple camera BOS projections, and is …

Instantaneous 3D flame imaging by background-oriented schlieren tomography

SJ Grauer, A Unterberger, A Rittler, KJ Daun… - Combustion and …, 2018 - Elsevier
We apply background-oriented schlieren (BOS) imaging with computed tomography to
reconstruct the instantaneous refractive index field of a turbulent flame in 3D. In BOS …

Forward and inverse modeling of depth-of-field effects in background-oriented Schlieren

JP Molnar, EJ LaLonde, CS Combs, O Léon, D Donjat… - AIAA journal, 2024 - arc.aiaa.org
This paper reports a novel cone-ray model of background-oriented schlieren (BOS) imaging
that accounts for depth-of-field effects. Reconstructions of the density field performed with …

Fast and robust volumetric refractive index measurement by unified background-oriented schlieren tomography

SJ Grauer, AM Steinberg - Experiments in Fluids, 2020 - Springer
We propose a novel approach to background-oriented schlieren (BOS) tomography (BOST)
that unifies the deflection sensing and reconstruction algorithms. BOS is a 2D flow …

Super-resolution of time-resolved three-dimensional density fields of the B mode in an underexpanded screeching jet

C Lee, Y Ozawa, T Nagata, T Nonomura - Physics of Fluids, 2023 - pubs.aip.org
The estimation of time-resolved three-dimensional (3D) density fields of an underexpanded
jet at the nozzle pressure ratio of 2.42, a so-called “spatiotemporal super-resolution” was …

New transform to project axisymmetric deflection fields along arbitrary rays

TA Sipkens, SJ Grauer, AM Steinberg… - Measurement …, 2021 - iopscience.iop.org
Axisymmetric tomography is used to extract quantitative information from line-of-sight
measurements of gas flow and combustion fields. For instance, background-oriented …

Direct background-oriented schlieren tomography using radial basis functions

H Cai, Y Song, Y Ji, Z Li, A He - Optics Express, 2022 - opg.optica.org
Background-oriented schlieren tomography (BOST) is effective for flow field measurement;
however, different from general computed tomography (CT), the BOST utilizes the deflection …

Algorithm for Time-Resolved Background-Oriented Schlieren Tomography Applied to High-Speed Flows

JP Molnar, SJ Grauer - AIAA SciTech 2025 Forum, 2025 - arc.aiaa.org
Quantitative flow-visualization techniques like background-oriented schlieren (BOS) are
important tools for studying complex, time-varying flows, such as high-speed jets in …

Formulation and demonstrations of three-dimensional background-oriented schlieren using a mirror for near-wall density measurements

M Akamine, S Teramoto, K Okamoto - Experiments in Fluids, 2023 - Springer
Three-dimensional background-oriented schlieren (3D-BOS) is an effective method for
reconstructing 3D density fields from optically measured data, but it has limitations in …

Tomographic background oriented schlieren using plenoptic cameras

JK Davis, CJ Clifford, DL Kelly… - … Science and Technology, 2021 - iopscience.iop.org
The development of a tomographic background oriented schlieren implementation system
utilizing up to four plenoptic cameras is presented. A systematic set of experiments was …