Parkinson's disease is a recognisable clinical syndrome with a range of causes and clinical
presentations. Parkinson's disease represents a fast-growing neurodegenerative condition; …

Importance Parkinson disease is the most common form of parkinsonism, a group of
neurological disorders with Parkinson disease–like movement problems such as rigidity …

The concept of 'idiopathic'Parkinson's disease (PD) as a single entity has been challenged
with the identification of several clinical subtypes, pathogenic genes and putative causative …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is an increasingly common neurodegenerative condition. The
disease has a significant negative impact on quality of life, but a personalized management …

Summary Background Many patients with Parkinson's disease have potentially disabling off
episodes that are not predictably responsive to levodopa. In this study, we assessed the …

Levodopa is the most effective medication for the treatment of the motor symptoms of
Parkinson's disease. However, over time, the clinical response to levodopa becomes …

Although dopamine replacement therapy remains a core component of Parkinson's disease
treatment, the onset of motor fluctuations and dyskinetic movements might require a range of …

Background Motor disturbances and non-motor disturbances such as constipation are the
main factors affecting the quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). We …

Levodopa‐induced motor complications remain an important source of disability for many
patients with Parkinson's disease. Substantial laboratory evidence indicates that motor …

Motor fluctuations (MF) are deemed by patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) as the most
troublesome disease feature resulting from the increasing impairment in responsiveness to …