The landscape of fear (LOF) concept posits that prey navigate spatial heterogeneity in
perceived predation risk, balancing risk mitigation against other activities necessary for …

Animals experience varying levels of predation risk as they navigate heterogeneous
landscapes, and behavioral responses to perceived risk can structure ecosystems. The …

Apex predators such as large carnivores can have cascading, landscape‐scale impacts
across wildlife communities, which could result largely from the fear they inspire, although …

Neoplasms change over time through a process of cell-level evolution, driven by genetic
and epigenetic alterations. However, the ecology of the microenvironment of a neoplastic …

It is a golden age for animal movement studies and so an opportune time to assess priorities
for future work. We assembled 40 experts to identify key questions in this field, focussing on …

Of the primary responses to contemporary climate change–“move, adapt, acclimate, or die”–
that are available to organisms,“acclimate” may be effectively achieved through behavioral …

The fear large carnivores inspire, independent of their direct killing of prey, may itself cause
cascading effects down food webs potentially critical for conserving ecosystem function …

Non‐consumptive predator effects (NCEs) are now widely recognised for their capacity to
shape ecosystem structure and function. Yet, forecasting the propagation of these predator …

Predator‐induced stress has been used to exemplify the concept of stress for close to a
century because almost everyone can imagine the terror of fleeing for one's life from a lion or …

A “landscape of fear”(LOF) is a map that describes continuous spatial variation in an
animal's perception of predation risk. The relief on this map reflects, for example, places that …