Probiotics are live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a
health benefit on the host. The main probiotic bacteria are strains belonging to the genera …

Species of Bacillus are spore-forming bacteria that are resistant to aggressive physical and
chemical conditions, with various species showing unusual physiological features enabling …

The significance of extracellular DNA (eDNA) in biofilms was overlooked until researchers
added DNAse to a Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm and watched the biofilm disappear …

Though biofilms were first described by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, the theory describing
the biofilm process was not developed until 1978. We now understand that biofilms are …

Microorganisms attach to surfaces and develop biofilms. Biofilm-associated cells can be
differentiated from their suspended counterparts by generation of an extracellular polymeric …

Biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms attached to surfaces or associated
with interfaces. Despite the focus of modern microbiology research on pure culture …

Microorganisms commonly attach to living and nonliving surfaces, including those of
indwelling medical devices, and form biofilms made up of extracellular polymers. In this …

Microorganisms universally attach to surfaces and produce extracellular polysaccharides,
resulting in the formation of a biofilm. Biofilms pose a serious problem for public health …

Periodontal diseases are infections caused by microorganisms that colonize the tooth
surface at or below the gingival margin. While these infections have many properties in …

Nearly 40 years ago, Dr. RJ Gibbons made the first reports of the clinical relevance of what
we now know as bacterial biofilms when he published his observations of the role of …