The immune system functions in a sexually dimorphic manner, with females exhibiting more
robust immune responses than males. However, how female sex hormones affect immune …

I. Introduction THE remarkable female predominance of such diverse autoimmune diseases
as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Hashimoto's thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, and …

A mAb J43 has been produced against the product of the mouse PD-1 gene, a member of
the Ig gene superfamily, which was previously isolated from an apoptosis-induced T cell …

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are a class of steroid hormones which regulate a variety of essential
biological functions. The profound anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activity of …

Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones with strong anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive
effects that are produced in a diurnal fashion. Although glucocorticoids have the potential to …

The thymus gland is a central lymphoid organ in which bone marrow-derived T cell
precursors undergo differentiation, eventually leading to migration of positively selected …

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are steroid hormones that have inflammatory and
immunosuppressive effects on a wide variety of cells. They are used as therapy for …

Generally, androgens exert suppressive effects on both humoral and cellular immune
responses and seem to represent natural anti‐inflammatory hormones; in contrast …

The Notch receptor and its ligands are involved in many developmental processes. They are
highly expressed in the thymus and have been implicated in the CD4 versus CD8 lineage …

We describe a dramatic reduction in numbers and activity of committed B lymphocyte
precursors in the bone marrow of normal pregnant mice. Changes in cells responsive to IL-7 …