Organoids are simple tissue-engineered cell-based in vitro models that recapitulate many
aspects of the complex structure and function of the corresponding in vivo tissue. They can …

Primary lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. Approximately
60% of lung cancer patients have distant metastasis at the initial diagnosis, so it is …

The survival of vertebrate organisms depends on highly regulated delivery of oxygen and
nutrients through vascular networks that pervade nearly all tissues in the body …

Cancer is a multifactorial disease that is responsible for 10 million deaths per year. The intra-
and inter-heterogeneity of malignant tumors make it difficult to develop single targeted …

As angiogenesis was recognized as a core hallmark of cancer growth and survival, several
strategies have been implemented to target the tumour vasculature. Yet to date, attempts …

Hepatic, pancreatic, and biliary (HPB) organoids are powerful tools for studying
development, disease, and regeneration. As organoid research expands, the need for clear …

Microchannel networks within engineered 3D scaffold can allow nutrient exchange and
rapid blood vessels formation. However, fabrication of a bone microenvironment‐mimicking …

Engineering hierarchical vasculatures is critical for creating implantable functional thick
tissues. Current approaches focus on fabricating mesoscale vessels for implantation or …

Over the past decade, the emergence of patient-derived tumor organoids (PDTOs) has
broadened the repertoire of preclinical models and progressively revolutionized three …

In vitro 3D models are advanced biological tools that have been established to overcome
the shortcomings of oversimplified 2D cultures and mouse models. Various in vitro 3D …